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Gongyang Rights
Author: Zhu Lei (Beijing Teacher Fan Dao Academy of Philosophy)
Source: “History of Chinese Philosophy” 2022 Issue 5
Abstract: The rights of Gongyang in the Han Dynasty do not only discuss issues such as/rights, common/change situational relationships, or industry situational conditions, but more importantly, thoughtsBreeding storiesThe only thing lies in the regulations on the nature of political rights and monarchy and the relationship between them, that is, political thinking, is the actual meaning and content meaning of rights. By analyzing the discussion of the “Gongyang Biography” on the right of Ji Zhongxing and Dong Zhongshu’s ignorance of Feng Chou’s father, the following explanation can be drawn: Gongyang Xue believes that in all circumstances, the country and the king are one, and the king’s rights can represent the political power with full rights. As loyal as the ministers to the monarch is equivalent to being as loyal as the country; but under special circumstances, when the monarch’s rights and political power conflict and separate, the ministers will act as the right and turn it backCaring market and being as loyal as the country and the people without being as loyal as the monarch. The practical meaning of Gongyang’s authority is to say that “the kingdom regards the country as his body”, the country is the most important thing, and “the kingdom values the king’s lightness.”
The Gongyang Biography in the 11th year of Huan’s “Gongyang Biography” says: “The right person goes back to the world, and then there is good person.” This is the source of the Gongyang academic authority. Expressing the common principles and ordinary principles; power expressing the change of the Tao is the specific application of ordinary principles in special circumstances, and is often contrary to the circumstances regulations of the common ways. Generally speaking, we understand and discuss the relationship between rights, common and changing circumstances. If you discuss the Han Dynasty Gongyang’s statement in detail, you will find that rights statements do not only discuss issues such as pertinent/rights, regular/change relationships, or types of situational conditions of industry. The more important thinking lies in the provisions of the nature of political rights and monarchy and the relationship between them, that is, political thinking, which is the meaning and content of rights statements. However, the real key points that Dong Zhongshu wants to express in the political theory of power, this “Gongyang Festival” and Dong Zhongshu, seem to be silent after He Xiu. Most people still understand the words of Gangyang’s power from the relationship between emotions. This article discusses the political ideas that are inclusive in addition to all understandings. The meaning of this content is revealed, and only the meaning of the meaning is vague and the most basic problem that cannot be obtained clearly, such as what broad regulations and principles are, what level of authority can be allowed, and at what level it becomes authority, etc., to get a real answer. Above, let’s start with the right statement in “The Ram”.
1. The rights theory of “Gong Ram”
“Gong Ram” concentratedly issued a rights statement on the matter of ceremonial rights. Originally, the real Ji Zhong in history was just a person with a tyrant country and might not be able to really know the right to act. However, Gongyang Bi used things to make clear statements and cited the person and his affairs to make the statement. “Year” Xuanyue of the eleventh year of Huan, the Song people enthroned the throne to sacrifice to Zhong. “Gongyang Biography” says:
Who is the one who sacrifices Zhong? It is the appearance of the king. Why not name it? It’s also a treasure. What’s the point of ritual? It is considered as the right to know. What is the right to know? Mr. Zhu died and was buried. Ji Zhong went to Guan Yuliu and painted him out of the Song Dynasty. The Song people punished him. He said, “I suddenly came out and suddenly stood up.” Ji Zhong did not follow his words, and the king would die, and the country would die. In his words, you can live easily and die easily, and your country can survive easily and die easily. If you are not careful, you can suddenly appear, but you can turn it back suddenly. It is impossible to get sick, and then there is a country. Those who have power from the predecessors are the power of the priest.
What is the right? Those who are power go back to the sect, and then those who are good are good. The power is built, and there is nothing to build when death is left. There is a saying in the right way to do business by one’s own money, but not harm others’ rights. Kill people to live by themselves, and destroy people to survive by themselves, and correct people will not be punished.
This is the right to say in “The Ram”. “Gongyang Biography” allows the practice of sacrificing Zhong Zhujun to be “knowledge”, which has several conditions. First, “Ji Zhong does not follow his words, and the king will die, and the country will die.” The international situation at that time was that Song was strong and weak, and no one in Zheng Country could resist the Song army. If Ji Zhong did not reject it after the Song Dynasty’s imprisonment and refused it for death, the result was that Song Dynasty attacked Zheng Country and suddenly became a thrust. Secondly, Ji Zhong observed that after the play was broadcast, Wan Yurou was red as expected, and as a slab, she was still dressed as a command from Song, and she had the opportunity to change the shape. Because Tuo was a nephew of the Yong family of Song Dynasty, his relationship seemed to be closer, but Song Zhuang Gong was also a man who was established by a king. He did not really want to help Tuo Daguo, but he wanted to use this to seek revenge. Therefore, it is okay to let it go, and it is recommended to draw the following pictures.
The third and most important thing is that “The Legend” says: “It is impossible to get sick, and then there will be a country.” “Disease” refers to the bad reputation of being chased by the king. “There is a country” means to retain the country. The meaning of this sentence is: Even if you suddenly have talent, you will eventually have a country, and Zhao Gong is not allowed to return to China, it would be better if Zhao Gong was killed or a country; although this is true in the case of “Ji Zhong” passing the king, and there is no chance to cleanse it up, but for the sake of the country’s life and death, it is not a matter of rebellion, because only in this way can the country be preserved. This is what is called “authorized to exercise” later in “The Legend of the Condor”.
This explanation reveals this meaning: the right level of “preserving the country” is higher than that of “preserving the king”. Ji Zhong was of course a protector of Zhao Gong, but in the case of being loyal to the monarch and being loyal to the country, Ji Zhong could chase the monarch to survive. Plans in JizhongIn the middle, the establishment of Tu (官网) is of course only a temporary plan for military storm, but Gongyang Zhi pointed out that even if this plan cannot win, the country will eventually be in charge of chasing the king. Ji Zhong will still have to do this, because the country’s favor is higher than the monarch’s personal favor, and “preserving the king” is higher than the “preserving the king”. The political management concept behind this is: political power is higher than monarch’s rights, and monarch’s rights are the subordinate rather than the opposite of monarch’s rights; the actual object of loyalty to the subject lies in the country, the country, not the monarch’s personal.
“It is impossible to get sick, and then there will be a country.” He Xiu’s explanation is: “If you make a fortune and talent, it is impossible to get good at doing things. If you are sick, you will be punished by the crime of expelling the king. Although you are sick and expelling the king, you will be punished by the crime of expelling the king. Then you can maintain the country and lose the country.” He Xiu’s meaning is that if you hear the words of Song Dynasty, you will be charged with expelling the king first, Baobao.com But if you can confront and expel them later, you will eventually maintain the country, which is of course better than the deceased country. He Xiu’s meaning seems to be different from my above explanation, but there is a bit of a key difference. He Xiulin actually pulled out a sentence between the article “There is no way to get sick” and “Then there is a country”. In this way, it is finally possible to drive the Duke and revive Duke Zhao to be considered “the country has been established.” But the original text of “Gongyang” does not mean “to confront the country” to “then there is a country”. The meaning of the article “Zhi” is: whether it is a country that wins the country or a country that is unknown or unrestrained. Therefore
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